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.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man v1.37, Pod::Parser v1.32 .\" .\" Standard preamble: .\" ======================================================================== .de Sh \" Subsection heading .br .if t .Sp .ne 5 .PP \fB\\$1\fR .PP .. .de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP) .if t .sp .5v .if n .sp .. .de Vb \" Begin verbatim text .ft CW .nf .ne \\$1 .. .de Ve \" End verbatim text .ft R .fi .. .\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will .\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left .\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. | will give a .\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. 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This is a wrapper round the platform's \s-1TCP/IP\s0 socket connection routines. .PP Using connect BIOs, \s-1TCP/IP\s0 connections can be made and data transferred using only \s-1BIO\s0 routines. In this way any platform specific operations are hidden by the \s-1BIO\s0 abstraction. .PP Read and write operations on a connect \s-1BIO\s0 will perform I/O on the underlying connection. If no connection is established and the port and hostname (see below) is set up properly then a connection is established first. .PP Connect BIOs support \fIBIO_puts()\fR but not \fIBIO_gets()\fR. .PP If the close flag is set on a connect \s-1BIO\s0 then any active connection is shutdown and the socket closed when the \s-1BIO\s0 is freed. .PP Calling \fIBIO_reset()\fR on a connect \s-1BIO\s0 will close any active connection and reset the \s-1BIO\s0 into a state where it can connect to the same host again. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_fd()\fR places the underlying socket in \fBc\fR if it is not \s-1NULL\s0, it also returns the socket . If \fBc\fR is not \s-1NULL\s0 it should be of type (int *). .PP \&\fIBIO_set_conn_hostname()\fR uses the string \fBname\fR to set the hostname. The hostname can be an \s-1IP\s0 address. The hostname can also include the port in the form hostname:port . It is also acceptable to use the form \*(L"hostname/any/other/path\*(R" or \*(L"hostname:port/any/other/path\*(R". .PP \&\fIBIO_set_conn_port()\fR sets the port to \fBport\fR. \fBport\fR can be the numerical form or a string such as \*(L"http\*(R". A string will be looked up first using \fIgetservbyname()\fR on the host platform but if that fails a standard table of port names will be used. Currently the list is http, telnet, socks, https, ssl, ftp, gopher and wais. .PP \&\fIBIO_set_conn_ip()\fR sets the \s-1IP\s0 address to \fBip\fR using binary form, that is four bytes specifying the \s-1IP\s0 address in big-endian form. .PP \&\fIBIO_set_conn_int_port()\fR sets the port using \fBport\fR. \fBport\fR should be of type (int *). .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_hostname()\fR returns the hostname of the connect \s-1BIO\s0 or \&\s-1NULL\s0 if the \s-1BIO\s0 is initialized but no hostname is set. This return value is an internal pointer which should not be modified. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_port()\fR returns the port as a string. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_ip()\fR returns the \s-1IP\s0 address in binary form. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_int_port()\fR returns the port as an int. .PP \&\fIBIO_set_nbio()\fR sets the non blocking I/O flag to \fBn\fR. If \fBn\fR is zero then blocking I/O is set. If \fBn\fR is 1 then non blocking I/O is set. Blocking I/O is the default. The call to \fIBIO_set_nbio()\fR should be made before the connection is established because non blocking I/O is set during the connect process. .PP \&\fIBIO_new_connect()\fR combines \fIBIO_new()\fR and \fIBIO_set_conn_hostname()\fR into a single call: that is it creates a new connect \s-1BIO\s0 with \fBname\fR. .PP \&\fIBIO_do_connect()\fR attempts to connect the supplied \s-1BIO\s0. It returns 1 if the connection was established successfully. A zero or negative value is returned if the connection could not be established, the call \fIBIO_should_retry()\fR should be used for non blocking connect BIOs to determine if the call should be retried. .SH "NOTES" .IX Header "NOTES" If blocking I/O is set then a non positive return value from any I/O call is caused by an error condition, although a zero return will normally mean that the connection was closed. .PP If the port name is supplied as part of the host name then this will override any value set with \fIBIO_set_conn_port()\fR. This may be undesirable if the application does not wish to allow connection to arbitrary ports. This can be avoided by checking for the presence of the ':' character in the passed hostname and either indicating an error or truncating the string at that point. .PP The values returned by \fIBIO_get_conn_hostname()\fR, \fIBIO_get_conn_port()\fR, \&\fIBIO_get_conn_ip()\fR and \fIBIO_get_conn_int_port()\fR are updated when a connection attempt is made. Before any connection attempt the values returned are those set by the application itself. .PP Applications do not have to call \fIBIO_do_connect()\fR but may wish to do so to separate the connection process from other I/O processing. .PP If non blocking I/O is set then retries will be requested as appropriate. .PP It addition to \fIBIO_should_read()\fR and \fIBIO_should_write()\fR it is also possible for \fIBIO_should_io_special()\fR to be true during the initial connection process with the reason \s-1BIO_RR_CONNECT\s0. If this is returned then this is an indication that a connection attempt would block, the application should then take appropriate action to wait until the underlying socket has connected and retry the call. .PP \&\fIBIO_set_conn_hostname()\fR, \fIBIO_set_conn_port()\fR, \fIBIO_set_conn_ip()\fR, \&\fIBIO_set_conn_int_port()\fR, \fIBIO_get_conn_hostname()\fR, \fIBIO_get_conn_port()\fR, \&\fIBIO_get_conn_ip()\fR, \fIBIO_get_conn_int_port()\fR, \fIBIO_set_nbio()\fR and \&\fIBIO_do_connect()\fR are macros. .SH "RETURN VALUES" .IX Header "RETURN VALUES" \&\fIBIO_s_connect()\fR returns the connect \s-1BIO\s0 method. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_fd()\fR returns the socket or \-1 if the \s-1BIO\s0 has not been initialized. .PP \&\fIBIO_set_conn_hostname()\fR, \fIBIO_set_conn_port()\fR, \fIBIO_set_conn_ip()\fR and \&\fIBIO_set_conn_int_port()\fR always return 1. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_hostname()\fR returns the connected hostname or \s-1NULL\s0 is none was set. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_port()\fR returns a string representing the connected port or \s-1NULL\s0 if not set. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_ip()\fR returns a pointer to the connected \s-1IP\s0 address in binary form or all zeros if not set. .PP \&\fIBIO_get_conn_int_port()\fR returns the connected port or 0 if none was set. .PP \&\fIBIO_set_nbio()\fR always returns 1. .PP \&\fIBIO_do_connect()\fR returns 1 if the connection was successfully established and 0 or \-1 if the connection failed. .SH "EXAMPLE" .IX Header "EXAMPLE" This is example connects to a webserver on the local host and attempts to retrieve a page and copy the result to standard output. .PP .Vb 19 \& BIO *cbio, *out; \& int len; \& char tmpbuf[1024]; \& ERR_load_crypto_strings(); \& cbio = BIO_new_connect("localhost:http"); \& out = BIO_new_fp(stdout, BIO_NOCLOSE); \& if(BIO_do_connect(cbio) <= 0) { \& fprintf(stderr, "Error connecting to server\en"); \& ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr); \& /* whatever ... */ \& } \& BIO_puts(cbio, "GET / HTTP/1.0\en\en"); \& for(;;) { \& len = BIO_read(cbio, tmpbuf, 1024); \& if(len <= 0) break; \& BIO_write(out, tmpbuf, len); \& } \& BIO_free(cbio); \& BIO_free(out); .Ve .SH "SEE ALSO" .IX Header "SEE ALSO" \&\s-1TBA\s0