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<!doctype html> <html lang="zh_cn"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <!-- Always force latest IE rendering engine or request Chrome Frame --> <meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <!-- Use title if it's in the page YAML frontmatter --> <title>XAMPP FAQs for Linux</title> <meta name="description" content="Instructions on how to install XAMPP for Linux distributions." /> <link href="/dashboard/stylesheets/normalize.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><link href="/dashboard/stylesheets/all.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/3.1.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="/dashboard/javascripts/modernizr.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link href="/dashboard/images/favicon.png" rel="icon" type="image/png" /> </head> <body class="zh_cn zh_cn_faq"> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script>(function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js#xfbml=1&appId=277385395761685"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> <div class="contain-to-grid"> <nav class="top-bar" data-topbar> <ul class="title-area"> <li class="name"> <h1><a href="/dashboard/zh_cn/index.html">Apache Friends</a></h1> </li> <li class="toggle-topbar menu-icon"> <a href="#"> <span>Menu</span> </a> </li> </ul> <section class="top-bar-section"> <!-- Right Nav Section --> <ul class="right"> <li class=""><a href="/applications.html">Applications</a></li> <li class="active"><a href="/dashboard/zh_cn/faq.html">常见问题</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/dashboard/zh_cn/howto.html">HOW-TO Guides</a></li> <li class=""><a target="_blank" href="/dashboard/phpinfo.php">PHPInfo</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/phpmyadmin/">phpMyAdmin</a></li> </ul> </section> </nav> </div> <div id="wrapper"> <div class="hero"> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <h1>Linux <span>经常提到的问题</span></h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="large-8 columns"> <dl class="accordion"> <dt>如何安装XAMPP？</dt> <dd> <p>请选择您的Linux操作系统版本,32位或64位.</p> <p>为安装程序更改权限</p> <p><code>chmod 755 xampp-linux-*-installer.run</code></p> <p>运行安装程序</p> <p><code>sudo ./xampp-linux-*-installer.run</code></p> <p>XAMPP安装完成，安装目录：/opt/lampp </p> </dd> <dt>Does XAMPP include MySQL or MariaDB?</dt> <dd> <p>Since XAMPP 5.5.30 and 5.6.14, XAMPP ships MariaDB instead of MySQL. The commands and tools are the same for both.</p> </dd> <dt>如何启动XAMPP？</dt> <dd> <p>使用该命令启动XAMPP：</p> <p><code>sudo /opt/lampp/lampp start</code></p> <p>现在你可以在屏幕上看到类似这样的东西：</p> <p><code>Starting XAMPP 1.8.2...<br /> LAMPP: Starting Apache...<br /> LAMPP: Starting MySQL...<br /> LAMPP started.<br /><br /> Ready. Apache and MySQL are running.</code></p> <p>如果收到任何错误信息，请访问 %{社区} 寻求帮助。</p> <p>同时注意有一个图形化的工具使你易于维护你的服务器。你可以通过下面这些命令起动此工具。</p> <p><code>cd /opt/lampp<br> sudo ./manager-linux.run (or manager-linux-x64.run)</code></p> </dd> <dt>如何停止运行XAMPP？</dt> <dd> <p>使用该命令停止运行XAMPP：</p> <p><code>sudo /opt/lampp/lampp stop</code></p> <p>现在你可以在屏幕上看到类似这样的东西：</p> <p><code>Stopping XAMPP 1.8.2...<br /> LAMPP: Stopping Apache...<br /> LAMPP: Stopping MySQL...<br /> LAMPP stopped.<br /><br /></code></p> <p>如果收到任何错误信息，请访问 %{社区} 寻求帮助。</p> <p>同时注意有一个图形化的工具使你易于起动或停止你的服务器。你可以通过下面这些命令起动此工具。</p> <p><code>cd /opt/lampp<br> sudo ./manager-linux.run (or manager-linux-x64.run)</code></p> </dd> <dt>我如何检查是否一切正常？</dt> <dd> <p>在你喜欢的浏览器中输入下面的链接：</p> <p><code>http://localhost</code></p> <p>You should see the XAMPP start page, as shown below.</p> <img src="/dashboard/images/screenshots/xampp-linux-start.jpg" /> </dd> <dt>XAMPP准备好了吗？</dt> <dd> <p>XAMPP是一个非常优秀而又实用的开发测试环境，XAMPP的配置是开放的，允许开发者任意去修改或配置适合您的开发环境。XAMPP并非商业运行环境，用于商业运作将是一个致命的环境！</p> <p>如下是XAMPP不安全的配置：</p> <ol> <li>MySQL数据库管理帐号 (root)没设置密码。</li> <li>MySQL数据库可以通过网络打开。</li> <li>ProFTPD uses the password "lampp" for user "daemon".</li> </ol> <p>解决简单问题的安全命令：</p> <p><code>sudo /opt/lampp/lampp security</code></p> <p>为了让您安装的XAMMP更安全即将启动一个安全检查过程，例如，这可以防止通过默认的用户名('lampp') 和默认的密码组合非法访问XAMPP的演示页面。</p> </dd> <dt>看到有XAMPP启动时的错误信息?</dt> <dd> <p>你可能会得到一些XAMPP启动错误信息</p> <p><code>LAMPP-Apache is already running.<br /> An Apache daemon is already running.</code></p> <p>由于另外一个Apache正在运行，所以没能成功启动XAMPP-Apache。如想正常启动XAMPP-Apache，先把另外一个Apache停止运行。</p> <p><code>LAMPP-MySQL is already running.<br /> A MySQL daemon is already running.</code></p> <p>这主要是由于和上述错误同样的原因，LAMPP启动脚本发现一个MySQL守护进程已经在你的系统上运行。要正确启动LAMPP，你必须先停止该守护进程。</p> </dd> <dt>Apache doesn't seem to start. What can I do?</dt> <dd> <p>这个错误可能存在多种原因，Apache提示有多种错误的话，我们找出的错误：</p> <p><code>tail -2 /opt/lampp/logs/error_log</code></p> <p>如果收到任何错误信息，请访问 %{社区} 寻求帮助。</p> </dd> <dt>如果错误信息是“Cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied?（重定位后无法恢复段保护：权限不足？）”我该怎么办？</dt> <dd> <p>有些Linux版本默认启动了SELinux，这会导致XAMPP无法成功启动。你应该关闭SELinux以启动XMAPP服务器：</p> <p><code>sudo /usr/sbin/setenforce 0</code></p> <p>XAMMP现在应该重新工作正常了。</p> </dd> <dt>我重启我的Linux机器后，XAMPP不工作了！怎么修复？</dt> <dd> <p>正确。这是正常的Linux的行为（任何其它类Unix系统都会有类似的行为） 。这是管理员为确保一个特定的应用程序随操作系统启动应做的工作。</p> <p>Linux操作系统的启动过程配置没有真正的标准方法，但是其中许多应该可以允许你通过下面的步骤确保XAMMP在系统启动后运行。</p> <p><strong>Debian, Ubuntu.</strong> </p> <p><code>sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/lampp /etc/init.d/lampp</br> sudo update-rc.d lampp start 80 2 3 4 5 . stop 30 0 1 6 .</code></p> <p><strong>RedHat, Fedora, CentOS.</strong> 如果你的Linux版本是使用“chkconfig”工具来安装服务的，你可以使用以下命令：</p> <p><code>sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/lampp /etc/init.d/lampp<br/> sudo chkconfig --add lampp</code></p> <p><strong>SUSE</strong></p> <p><code>sudo ln -s /opt/lampp/lampp /etc/init.d/lampp</br> sudo chkconfig lampp 2345</code></p> </dd> <dt>如何让XAMPP更安全？</dt> <dd> <p>默认安装时，XAMPP没有设置密码，但是我们不推荐这种可以被其他人访问的配置来运行XAMPP</p> <p>只需（以root用户）输入以下命令就可以进行简单的安全检察：</p> <p><code>sudo /opt/lampp/lampp security</code></p> <p>现在您应该可以在屏幕上看到如下对话框：</p> <p><code> XAMPP: Quick security check...</br> XAMPP: MySQL is accessable via network.</br> XAMPP: Normaly that's not recommended. Do you want me to turn it off? [yes] yes</br> XAMPP: Turned off.</br> XAMPP: Stopping MySQL...</br> XAMPP: Starting MySQL...</br> XAMPP: The MySQL/phpMyAdmin user pma has no password set!!!</br> XAMPP: Do you want to set a password? [yes] yes</br> XAMPP: Password: ******</br> XAMPP: Password (again): ******</br> XAMPP: Setting new MySQL pma password.</br> XAMPP: Setting phpMyAdmin's pma password to the new one.</br> XAMPP: MySQL has no root passwort set!!!</br> XAMPP: Do you want to set a password? [yes] yes</br> XAMPP: Write the passworde somewhere down to make sure you won't forget it!!!</br> XAMPP: Password: ******</br> XAMPP: Password (again): ******</br> XAMPP: Setting new MySQL root password.</br> XAMPP: Setting phpMyAdmin's root password to the new one.</br> XAMPP: The FTP password for user 'nobody' is still set to 'lampp'.</br> XAMPP: Do you want to change the password? [yes] yes</br> XAMPP: Password: ******</br> XAMPP: Password (again): ******</br> XAMPP: Reload ProFTPD...</br> XAMPP: Done.</br> </code></p> <p>（1）设置密码就会用这个密码来保护XAMPP演示的页面（http://localhost/xampp/）。用户名为‘lampp’！</p> <p>通过调用这条命令您的XAMPP安装过程会更加安全。</p> </dd> <dt>我如何启用eAccelerator（e加速器）？</dt> <dd> <p>要启动eAccelerator（e加速器）只需在你的/opt/lampp/etc/php.ini配置文件中找到如下行：</p> <p><code>;extension="eaccelerator.so"</br> ;eaccelerator.shm_size="16"</br> ;eaccelerator.cache_dir="/opt/lampp/tmp/eaccelerator"</br> ;eaccelerator.enable="1"</br> ;eaccelerator.optimizer="1"</br> ;eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"</br> ;eaccelerator.debug="0"</br> ;eaccelerator.filter=""</br> ;eaccelerator.shm_max="0"</br> ;eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"</br> ;eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"</br> ;eaccelerator.shm_only="0"</br> ;eaccelerator.compress="1"</br> ;eaccelerator.compress_level="9"</code></p> <p>删除每一行开始的分号，重启XAMPP。eAccelerator现在是活动的。想要获取更多关于eAccelerator的信息，请访问eAccelerator的主页：<a href="http://eaccelerator.net">http://eaccelerator.net</a>。</p> </dd> <dt>如何为PHP激活OCI8/Oracle扩展？</dt> <dd> <p>启动OCI8/Oracle的PHP扩展，请执行以下命令：</p> <p><code>sudo /opt/lampp/lampp oci8</code></p> <p>下面的对话框就会启动：</p> <p><code>Please enter the path to your Oracle or Instant Client installation:</br> [/opt/lampp/lib/instantclient-11.2.0.3.0] </br> installing symlinks...</br> patching php.ini...</br> OCI8 add-on activation likely successful.</br> LAMPP: Stopping Apache with SSL...</br> LAMPP: Starting Apache with SSL...</code></p> <p>现在扩展程序将会激活。</p> </dd> <dt>XAMPP运行了，但是为什么图片全都不能显示？</dt> <dd> <p>某些Linux系统会有这个特殊问题。请打开你的/opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf配置文件，并且找到这两行：</p> <p><code>#EnableMMAP off</br> #EnableSendfile off</code></p> <p>去掉#（井号），然后重启Apache。图片应该会显示出来。</p> </dd> <dt>How do I enable access to phpMyAdmin from the outside?</dt> <dd> <p>In the basic configuration of XAMPP, phpMyAdmin is accessible only from the same host that XAMPP is running on, at http://127.0.0.1 or http://localhost.</p> <p>IMPORTANT: Enabling external access for phpMyAdmin in production environments is a significant security risk. You are strongly advised to only allow access from localhost. A remote attacker could take advantage of any existing vulnerability for executing code or for modifying your data.</p> <p>To enable remote access to phpMyAdmin, follow these steps:</p> <ul> <li>Edit the etc/extra/httpd-xampp.conf file in your XAMPP installation directory.</li> <li>Within this file, find the lines below. <p><code> Alias /phpmyadmin "/opt/lampp/phpmyadmin/" <Directory "/opt/lampp/phpmyadmin"> AllowOverride AuthConfig Require local </code></p> </li> <li>Then replace 'Require local' with 'Require all granted'.</li> <p><code> Alias /phpmyadmin "/opt/lampp/phpmyadmin/" <Directory "/opt/lampp/phpMyAdmin"> AllowOverride AuthConfig Require all granted </code></p> <li>Restart the Apache server using the XAMPP control panel.</li> </ul> </dd> <dt>我如何备份/恢复我的XAMPP系统？</dt> <dd> <p><strong>警告：</strong> 备份和恢复功能目前还处于开发阶段，所以目前可能还不能工作。</p> <p>你可以通过调用如下命令来创建备份：</p> <p><code>sudo /opt/lampp/lampp backup</code></p> <p>或</p> <p><code>sudo /opt/lampp/lampp backup secret</code></p> <p>”secret“代表你的MySQL root密码。这行命令会产生以下输出：</p> <p><code>Backing up databases...</br> Backing up configuration, log and htdocs files...</br> Calculating checksums...</br> Building final backup file...</br> Backup finished.</br> Take care of /opt/lampp/backup/xampp-backup-22-01-14.sh</code></p> <p>这个文件 /opt/lampp/backup/xampp-backup-22-01-14.sh （在上面的例子中）包含了你的备份数据。请将此文件保存至安全处。</p> <p>在新机器上，你需要一个和你的最初/源机器上相同版本的AXMPP.</p> <p><code>sudo sh xampp-backup-22-01-14.sh</code></p> <p>你会看到一些类似这样的东西：</p> <p><code>Checking integrity of files...</br> Restoring configuration, log and htdocs files...</br> Checking versions...</br> Installed: XAMPP 1.4.2</br> Backup from: XAMPP 1.4.2</br> Restoring MySQL databases...</br> Restoring MySQL user databases...</br> Backup complete. Have fun!</br> You may need to restart XAMPP to complete the restore.</br> </code></p> <p>这样就可以了。记住那只是一个测试版本的功能。</p> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="row"> <div class="large-12 columns"> <div class="row"> <div class="large-8 columns"> <ul class="social"> <li class="twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/apachefriends">Follow us on Twitter</a></li> <li class="facebook"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/we.are.xampp">Like us on Facebook</a></li> <li class="google"><a href="https://plus.google.com/+xampp/posts">Add us to your G+ Circles</a></li> </ul> <ul class="inline-list"> <li><a href="https://www.apachefriends.org/blog.html">博客</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.apachefriends.org/privacy_policy.html">隐私政策</a></li> <li> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.fastly.com/"> CDN提供 <img width="48" data-2x="/dashboard/images/fastly-logo@2x.png" src="/dashboard/images/fastly-logo.png" /> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="large-4 columns"> <p class="text-right">版权所有(c) 2017, Apache Friends</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- JS Libraries --> <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script> <script src="/dashboard/javascripts/all.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>